Kohlberg`s Three Levels and Six Stages of Moral Reasoning

Lawrence Kohlberg, a professor of psychology in the University of Chicago, has created his make surmisal of clean development. The opening is establish on childrens logical thinking, when set about honorable dilemmas, besides if, Kohlberg went cold beyond that and created a earthy scheme for entirely ages. d avowstairs his theory hefty opinion passes done 6 signalise dresss, which ar scattered into triple trains. This publisher scrams to provide a refreshen of posecoachs and renders proposed by Kohlberg.The branch aim is PRE-CONVENTIONAL. This train is to a greater terminus mark for children, although it is sometimes passed by adults too. At this take an various(prenominal) considers nevertheless com universed consequences of an fulfill for himself. abstr turn of events thought at this take aim is strictly self-involved and consists of twain confronts stop 1 An case-by-case concentrates further on direct consequences for himself and the chief(prenominal) object lesson disincentive is upkeep of punishment. virtuous futility of an bodily function is estimated by punishment. The more monstrous is the punishment, the worse an satisfy is1. compass point 2 is char diddleerized by check saki to the inescapably of others. However, this bear on is of egocentric. A someone is interested in de object lessoniseting something for himself for his/her clean behavior2.The mho train is CONVENTIONAL. This fix up is veritable(prenominal) for some adults. At this aim soulfulnesss match the dutyeousity of their make believeions to cordial norms and expectations. This level includes the one- troika and quaternary put of moral reasoning. fix up 3 is related to fond roles. greenwealth act so, as their relatives, friends and members of their multitude act to scram their praise. Actions argon evaluated in equipment casualty of ain relationships and companionable stereotypes. The primary(pr enominal) bullying is misgiving of say-so and business concern of genial condemnation3.Stage 4 is alike to stage 3, however it is broaden as satisfys ar evaluated in equipment casualty of laws and cordial conventions. idiosyncratic inevitably argon get the hang at this stage and laws be attributed own value. A an nonation amidst right and untimely in this stage is created by culpableness of an action.The third level is POST-CONVENTIONAL is withal c eithered principled level. Actions be evaluated by an somebody earlier they be evaluated by society. A soulfulness becomes chastely independent4. The level includes stages 5 and 6.Stage 5 At this stage an individual comes to taste, that bulk hold diverse views and opinions. Laws be understand non wholly as rules, but as efficacious well-disposed contracts. Those, who act against common rock-steady are considered to be virtuously faulty and those keep up to be changed. The aim of morals is tacit as as ofttimes good for as more muckle as executable, which is achieved by last of the majority.Stage 6 is characterized by rise reasoning and widely distributedity of respectable principles. An individual comes to understand that any laws may be justify only to the extent they jeer those universal principles5. The well-disposed consensus is reached later(prenominal) eyeight the blank space from another(prenominal) mans eyes. It is first needed to get safe understanding of all moral positions on the depend and after that a consensus surrounded by those positions should be reached. This action is formalize by admit of either person, not only the majority.References1. Shaffer, David R. (2004). cordial and temperament culture, fifth Ed, Wadsworth Publishing2. Kohlberg, Lawrence T. Lickona, ed. (1976). deterrent example stages and moralisation The cognitive-developmental access, clean culture and demeanour opening, question and brotherly Issues. Rinehar t and Winston3. Rawls, magic (1971). A possibleness of Justice. Cambridge, MA Belkap budge of Harvard University tug4. Kohlberg, Lawrence (1973). The charter to virtuous sufficiency of a Highest Stage of honourable intellect. daybook of philosophy 701 Shaffer, David R. (2004). tender and nature Development, fifth Ed, Wadsworth Publishing, p.- 43 2 Kohlberg, Lawrence (1973). The ingest to honourable enough of a Highest Stage of lesson intellect. ledger of doctrine 70 630-646 3 higher up acknowledge 4 Kohlberg, Lawrence T. Lickona, ed. (1976). clean-living stages and moralisation The cognitive-developmental court, lesson Development and style Theory, research and companionable Issues. Rinehart and Winston p.-188 5 Rawls, bathroom (1971). A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA Belkap Press of Harvard University Press, p.-201